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| 232 b.C. Fabius Maximus Verrucosus sets off for Sardinia embarking his
legions from Pisa 230 b.C. Consul Papirius Maso gathers his legions in Pisa to take ship for Corsica 225 b.C. Consul C. Atilius Regulus on his way back from Sardinia lands in Pisa with the troops |
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| 1155 Pisa begins construction of the new city walls that enclose one of the largest surfaces in Europe; two years earlier construction of the Baptistery begins | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1099 Daiberto Lanfranchi, archbishop of Pisa and Primate of Corsica, leads a fleet of 120 Pisan galleys to the second Crusade, entering Jerusalem first. Pisa earns huge privileges in the territories conquered by the Crusaders | 1187 Pope Gregory VIII visits Pisa to convince Pisan and Genoese to set off for a new Crusade, but here he dies | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1193 Emperor Henry VI, descending to Italy, confirms his father's concessions on the territories between Portovenere and Civitavecchia, on the Islands of Tuscany and Corsica, and on the commercial traffic with Southern Italy and Sicily. Yet he grants similar privileges to Genoa, laying the bases for the future clashes between the two maritime powers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1165 After wavering between the demands of the Genoese and the Pisan claiming Sardinia, Frederick II gives the island to Pisa. Genoa strikes an alliance with Lucca, historical enemy of Pisa | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 388 A fleet armed by Stilicho is built in Pisa to set off to fight Gildo, who rebelled against the emperor Honorius in Lybia | 9th century The Arab repeatedly pillage the Tirrenian coasts. Clashes between the Pisan and Arab ships begin in the Tirrenian sea | 1021 New expedition to Sardinia against Musetto that had tried to settle back there. The "Giudicati" of Cagliari, Torres, Gallura and Arborea are established to administrate the island | 1114/1116 Triumphal expedition against the Saracen posts of the Balearic islands, epically sung in the "Liber Maiolichinus" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1063 Pisa arms a fleet to help the Norman counts Robert and Roger in Sicily and occupies Palermo. With the loot of the sack of Palermo, according to tradition the Pisan begin construction of the Cathedral | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1136 Pisa loots and destroys the rival Amalfi, stealing the Pandects of Justinian | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 970 Pisan ships serving the emperor Otho I defeat a Byzantine fleet in Calabria | 1005 Occupation and sack of Reggio Calabria | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| 7th century b.C. Archaeological traces of Etruscan settlements north of the Arno, Etruscan necropolis north of the Auser | 218 b.C. Consul Cornelius Scipio gathers legions and ships in Pisa in order to try and stop Hannibal’s march | 29 b.C. Pisa, in the partition of roman colonies, is called by the legionaries that settle there “Colonia Julia obsequiens” | 603 A letter by Gregorius Magnus to Smaragdus, exarch of Ravenna, calls the Pisan "better friends of the Longbard than of the Byzantine" because they had refused to arm "dromons" (ships) for Constantinople | 926 Hugo of Provence lands at Pisa and is designated King of Italy | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1003 The Pisan defeat the army of Lucca at Aqualonga in the first battle of the Communes in Italy | 1016 Conquest of Sardinia, subtracted from the Arab led by Mugahid (italianized as Musetto) | 1034 Conquest and occupation of Bona, in Northern Africa, which is offered to the emperor | 1081 Pisa obtains the recognition of its full independence as a Commune
from emperor Henry IV 1088 Expedition against the city of El Mehedia on the Tunisian coast that yields a rich loot. In this case also the crown of the defeated king is offered to the emperor and the title to Roger of Sicily, Norman King |
1111 A commercial treaty stipulated with the Eastern emperor sanctions the free transit of Pisan trade in the Holy Land and the concession of a port of call and an own quarter in Byzantium | 1118 Pope Gelasius II consecrates the Cathedral of Pisa | 1152 Frederick I is nominated emperor and descends to Italy | 1162 Frederick II grants new privileges and judicial and administrative autonomy | 1173 Construction of the Tower begins | 1188 The conclave for the election of a new Pope is held in Pisa, and chooses Clement III, formerly a friar of the convent of San Paolo a Ripa d'Arno. Archbishop Ubaldo Lanfranchi leaves for the Crusade in Palestine with a numerous fleet of Pisan ships. Emperor Frederick I will die in this Crusade | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||